You can sync your Windows Mobile device either by USB or by Bluetooth using MultiSync and SynCE, and the synchronising experience is almost identical to that on Windows. Simply open MultiSync, configure the folders to be synchronised under the Options menu and click on the Sync button.
It is important to ensure however that your folder names are consistent across devices – for instance if you have an email folder on your Windows Mobile device called “Brighthub” a folder with the same name must exist in Evolution.
Other than that, using MultiSync is pretty much the same as using ActiveSync; some might say that it’s actually better as MultiSync does provide a smoother, more appropriate user interface.
There should certainly be nothing holding you back from setting up a sync partnership between your Windows Mobile handset and your Linux computer.