Head back to the ship and run into the pavilion for the hearing. You now have a choice to make. You can choose to honor Tali's wishes and refuse to reveal the evidence. You'll gain her loyalty, but she'll be exiled. If you hand over the research, she won't be exiled but she will be furious that you ruined her father's name. You'll receive a tech upgrade and some money, but Tali will not be loyal.
There are a few alternatives to get both outcomes. Paragon and renegade choices will convince them that they're being stupid. They'll apologize, give you a reward for your time and find Tali innocent. If you don't have enough paragon or renegade points, but did save Veetor and Reegar, then you can use the extra option. If you talked to everyone beforehand, then you can call for public outcry against the hearing. Reegar will help rally the crowd to Tali's side and she'll be found innocent.
You should also get a chance to talk a bit about their policy, depending on the outcome. The answers are pretty obvious for paragon or renegade. Either support a new war with the geth, tell them to move on, or tell them to not get into a senseless war.
Now, for a story related spoiler, you can talk to the captains again. If you want, you should talk to Tali's friend , admiral Gerrel, and quietly reveal the evidence. He'll help disguise it. If you don't, then the geth supporting admiral will send an email later explaining that they found the evidence and are going forward with the research.