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The primary weapons in-game consist solely of rifles or shotguns, with a wide-choice between automatic rifles, bolt-action, 3-round burst weapons or pump-action, to fulfil your "7-eleven" ransacking tendencies. Among the primary-slot weapon types, you also have sniper-rifles, which are costly but are very capable particularly for some later missions (such as the ACT 2 mortar enemies).
There are golden equivalents in the entire weapons category and primary weapons are no exception. You can get a golden AK47 for instance, which is more reliable and will degrade slower than its standard counterpart. There are five weapons of such type scattered across a map.
Finally, primary weapons are mostly used for long-range or stealthy purposes; if you intend to run at your enemies whilst dispersing a number of bullets at rapid fire, you will have to equip something else. Moreover, in order to use these weapons accurately it is necessary to aim through the ‘scope’ of the weapon, or you will leave it to chance to land a hit.