The dark energy star is the proposal of an American physicist, George Chapline. In March 2005 he presented his ideas on the possibility of a dark energy star that converts any object falling into it to vacuum or dark energy. In dark energy stars the quantum critical phase transition of space and time occur near to the horizon called quantum critical surface.
According to Chapline, inside this surface the space–time of the object is like ordinary space-time with the exception that it has vacuum energy, which is huge in comparison with the cosmological vacuum energy. The point of singularity, which is the important part in the black hole, no longer exists in the dark energy star. For an object falling into a dark star there is time dilation, but it is positive, and as it moves closer to the event horizon surface this time dilation too nears zero.
He further points out that contrary to the black holes, whose existence can only be deduced using indirect evidence, the quantum critical phase transition can be observed in the laboratories. From the observation of the behaviour of super fluids he proposes that the nucleons entering this quantum critical surface will decay into its constituents, while at the same time will release positrons consistent with Georgi-Glashow’ s grand unified model of nucleons. According to this model of nucleons, during the decay of nucleons the release of positrons also occurs. Thus the unusual and unexplained presence of large amount of positrons close to the centre of our galaxy supports the idea of the dark energy star. The similarity between the energy spectrum of positrons and that observed during gamma ray outbursts points out to the possibility that the gamma ray out bursts may be the result of a decay of cosmological object falling into the dark energy star. All these supporting evidences clearly indicate a strong contender for black holes.
