Autism is a developmental disorder, but what causes autism is still a subject of wide research and controversy. Different researchers have different thinking about the causes of autism, but what exactly is the cause is still a big question mark.
Different theories regarding causes of autism
Researchers are investigating the possible cause of autism. Different researchers have different theories regarding the cause of autism. Some believe genes to be responsible as the causative factor; others believe disorders in the brain development, problems during pregnancy, viral infections or other environmental factors to be responsible for autism.
Genetic factors related with autism
Researchers believe autism to be an emotional or psychological disorder caused by emotional problems at home. Their argument related to this view as follows:
Brain size of autistic children is different from normal individuals. Symptoms of autism develop until the child is a toddler. It is believed that if the first child in the family is born with autism, the risk of next child increases. It is also believed that autism occurs in children more frequently in children suffering from Fragile x syndrome, Phenylketonuria or other genetic abnormalities but no genetic tests are available for the diagnosis of autism. Therefore, genetic abnormality as the cause of autistic disorder does not hold a strong base.
Abnormal brain development
Abnormal brain development is considered to be an important cause for the autistic disorder. Autistic childre show marked deficits in structural and functioning areas of the brain. Certain areas of brain are poorly developed in autistic children as compared to their non-disabled peers. For example, the parietal areas of brain, frontal lobes of the cerebrum and amygdale responsible for various functions are poorly developed in autistic children.
Food habits as the cause for autism
Certain food allergies in some autistic children are also considered responsible for causing autistic symptoms. For example, increase in Omega 6 oils and decrease in Omega 3 oils in the diet leads to the production of trans fatty acids, which leads to destruction of cell membranes of the brain producing complications in the normal functioning and activity. In some cases, poor nutrition may also be the cause of autism. Deficiency in essential nutrients also leads to autistic symptoms.
It is believed that deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy also causes neural tube defects because folic acid is considered to be an essential component for normal brain development and functioning.
Vaccines responsible for autism
Triple vaccine MMR (Mumps-Measles-Rubella) vaccine is also considered to be the causative agent of autism in some children.
Though definite cause is not discovered yet, we should focus on treatment and cure is possible with early intervention and diagnosis.
Reference:
The National Autistic Society, London, England. "Do children with autism spectrum disorders have a special relationship with Thomas the Tank Engine and, if so, why?" Research undertaken by Aidan Prior Communications. February, 2002.
National Institute of Mental Health, Autism Spectrum Disorders (Pervasive Developmental Disorders) A detailed booklet that describes symptoms, causes, and treatments, with information on getting help and coping. 2004.
www.AmericanAutismSociety.org
http://www.disability-resource.com/Autism/asperger-syndrome.html