The complete human nervous system is composed of hundreds of billions of signal generating and processing network units called “neurons.” Each neuron includes a nucleated control center or nerve cell, complete with fingerlike structures called “dendrites” that provide a large receptive surface for incoming signals. The neuron also includes a long threadlike “axon” that carries output signals away. Signals are propagated between neurons across spatial gaps called synapses by charge-carrying chemical ions. Because of the complex shape and physiology of nerve cells, structure and function can be difficult to understand. Informative Bright Hub articles discuss these topics and the health issues that arise from cellular malfunction.
Nerve Cell Structure: Image Credit: National Institutes of Health
| Understanding the Structure of the Nerve Cell
The nerve cell structure of neurons are highly specialized and designed to specifically receive, process and relay electrochemical signals from one cell to another. When these cells... |
How is a Gamete Different From Other Cells in the Body?
Gametes differ from all the other cells of the body in two important ways. Learn what they are here.... |
| How is ALD Inherited?
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare genetic condition that progressively destroys brain tissue. It mainly affects of boys, though about 1 in 5 women with the disease gene inherit... |
Genetics of Tay-Sachs Disease
Tay-Sachs disease is a rare genetic disorder that affects nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord causing severe mental and developmental retardation.... |