The building blocks of DNA are called nucleotides. The composition forms a winding step ladder called the double helix with a sugar and phosphate backbone and base pairs in the form purines and pyrimidine. Guainine (a purine) is paired with cytosine (a pyrimidine); and a second set adinine (a purine) is paired with thymine (a pyrimidine).
DNA makes proteins, but it also replicates itself by splitting the double helix down the middle to create two templates which then form the basis of a new double helix, and the process continues. To initiate the replication, the process occurs at certain locations of the DNA helix called origins and are then targeted by proteins to create the DNA synthesis. If you want to learn more about DNA replication, read the Bright Hub articles on the topic.

| Marshall Warren Nirenberg - Genetics Scientist
The U.S. biochemist and geneticist Marshall Warren Nirenberg is famous for his pioneering work on the genetic code. This work, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology... |
Basic Genetics FAQ
Genetics is a fascinating, powerful, and inspirational subject. To help you make the most of some of the articles on the Bright Hub Genetics Channel we've compiled a Basics Genetics... |
| The DNA Replication Process: The Steps Involved in Creating Copies of Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA replication is an important process resulting in the production of another copy of the DNA strand. Learn about the DNA replication steps to better understand the process.... |
DNA Replication Errors
DNA replication errors that are overlooked during proofreading or fail to be repaired can result in mutations. Knowledge of the role of DNA polymerase and various additional enzymes... |
| What is DNA Replication?
The answer is essential to understanding the basic rules of genetics. An understanding of the process of DNA replication can help you gain basic knowledge about genetic engineering... |
The Meselson-Stahl Experiment
The Meselson-Stahl experiment was an important step in developmental biology research. Two scientists, Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl carried out their experiment in 1958 to prove... |