The tipping mechanism is the heart of a three way tipper construction truck. Tipping mechanism works basically on the followings:
Hydraulic cylinder : A hydraulic cylinder is placed below the body of truck longitudinally at one end of the truck , the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected by the means of a pivot joint to the chassis of truck as well as with the chassis.
In the forward stroke of the cylinder it pushes the truck body upward thus gives neccessory lift for tipping.So, in forward stroke of the cylinder truck gets unloaded. In the return stroke of the cylinder the body of the truck comes to its original position.
Hinge Joint:The other bottom end of the body of the truck is connected by a hinged joint with the chassis.So, when the hydraulic cylinder pushes the body in it's forward stroke the whole body gets tilted about the axis of the hinged joint and the matarial gets unloaded and by the return stroke of the hydraulic cylinder body comes and seat to its original position with respect to the hinged axis.
But in this types of tipper can unload materials only at the backside of the tipper.
3-way tipper can overcome this problem ,it can unload material in three sides.
As i have already told that three way tipper can unload materials in all three sides.To control the sides of tipping there needs to be required one more pneumatic cylinder apart from the main hydraulic cylinder. Also we require special types of hinge joints in this case.
Please refer the attached picture of 3-way tipper arrangement.Main hydraulic cylinder is placed at four corners of the chassis (structure).Each of the four corners of the body is connected by a cross joint with the hydraulic cylinders.The cross joint allows the joining memebers to tilt with respect to two perpendiculer axis.
Now, if you consider the side of cylinder 3 & 4 is rear of the vehicle, then by operating cylinder no.1& 2 will cause rear tipping, operating cylinder 2&4 will cause left side tipping and operating cylinder 1& 3 will cause right side tipping.
Automation of tipping will be possible by using a powerpack with plc control or some similer kind of automation devices.
The construction truck with the three way tipper mechanism helps unloading easier. The benifits of 3D CAD and FEA packages can be taken for designing of three way tipper construction trucks.