Build an Automatic School Bell Timer

Written by:  Swagatam • Edited by: Rebecca Scudder
Published Jun 11, 2010

Ringing a school bell manually or relying on a clunky mechanical timer is decidedly old school. You can use this simple, modern school bell timer circuit instead.

Probably since the time schools came into existence school bells were used in the system, an indispensable piece of equipment for every school.

They are basically a mechanical device that is able to produce a loud and sharp sound under the influence of an external applied force. Specifically, old fashioned school bells had the form of a large gong (circular brass disc). A wooden mallet (hammer) was used to hit or bang the gong, and produced a sharp ear piercing sound, audible from quite a far distance.

The function of a school bell has fundamentally remained the same since the beginning – to divide the class periods into equal parts and indicate their start and finish with a distinctive sound.

This type of bell has slowly been replaced by more efficient electric bells and they are in use even today in most schools for the same purpose.

But one particular drawback of school bells is that these need to be operated manually and thus someone always needs to remain alert and activate the device on time.

The job can be strenuous physically as well as mentally, and still, strangely, you will find many schools are not equipped with an automatic device that can do the job all by itself.

The present article deals with a simple electronic school bell timer designed for the specific purpose of ringing the bell on time. When built it is able to switch ON and OFF an electric bell automatically, at regular time intervals, depending on its settings.

Before we learn the construction details, let’s first make sure we know how an electric bell operates to make a school bell sound.

How Do Electrical School Bells Work?

Electric School Bell, Image
click to enlarge

An electric school bell is an electromechanical device, able to produce a shrill ringing sound through the repeated hammering of an inverted metallic bowl in the influence of electricity (See Image and Click to Enlarge)).

Its operation may be simply understood through the following brief explanation:

  • There is a coil of wire wound over an iron core to form an electromagnet as part of the unit.

  • When an electric current (AC mains) is applied to the two ends of the coil, due to the varying flux of the input AC the coil produces a strong varying magnetic field around it.

  • A spring loaded iron shaft pivoted in close proximity to this coil vibrates rapidly in response to its magnetic field.

  • This iron shaft is arranged that one end (a hammer shaped piece of metal) knocks a hollow cylindrical bowl shaped piece of metal while vibrating, to produce the required sharp and loud ringing noise - a typical school bell sound.

In the next page we will discuss the functioning and the construction of the proposed circuit.

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