Careers in Electrical Engineering Part 1: What do they do and how to become one.

Written by:  • Edited by: Lamar Stonecypher
Updated Jul 9, 2008
• Related Guides: Math | Green Energy

What do electrical engineers do? What would an electrical engineering career involve? Electrical engineering provides an avenue into a multitude of career experiences. In part one, learn what electrical engineers do and how to become one.

What Does an Electrical Engineer Do?

        Ever thought about being an electrical engineer?  Ever wonder just what you would be doing as an electrical engineer?  An electrical engineer today has an enormous selection of career paths to choose from.  Here are but a few examples:

       Large scale projects

o     Power generation, transmission and distribution – Design equipment like generators, transformers, high power switches and protection devices that connect to the power grid.  This includes the green energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal and tidal.

o     Facility/Building power system design – Work with architects and contractors to design the power, lighting and communication distribution systems and networks in buildings.  You may even have the opportunity to incorporate green energy generation systems in the design.

        Medium scale projects

o     Commercial products and appliances – Electronics are found in everything from your blender to your toothbrush, from cell phones to video games.  Working in this field will challenge you to be very efficient in your designs from a power, cost and size standpoint.  And don’t forget the batteries!

o     Scientific instrumentation – Work in this area can take you around the world and beyond.  In many cases you will be pushing the envelope of the technology to provide that next bit of information needed to study a particular problem or phenomenon.  Your designs will need to be very precise and accurate as well as meet size, power and most likely cost constraints.

o     Aviation and Aerospace – From large-scale power and communication systems to very small, precise circuits for control and monitoring the growing complexity of the aviation/aerospace industry.

o     Military – Large-scale to micro-scale applications with very rigorous environmental and durability constraints. 

        Small scale projects

o     Semiconductor design – You will be designing the components that other electrical engineers will use to design all of the above.  You will be pushing the technology to the limits to create faster processors, larger memories, lower power devices and higher levels of integration to make everything we use smaller, lighter and with more features.

o     Nanotechnology – Take it a level smaller and design new components that will work in all areas of industry.  From self assembling circuits to nano-machines that will help cure diseases to paper thin solar cells and clothing that won’t get dirty.  The opportunities are endless!

          This just scratches the surface of opportunities awaiting an electrical engineer. 

 

 

How to Become an Electrical Engineer

But, how do you get there?  First, you must have a curiosity of how and why things work.  That curiosity will drive you through the many courses you will need to take to achieve your goal; each one giving you more clues and insights as to how the world works around us.  And then…

         You will need math in all of its flavors: algebra, trigonometry, geometry, differential equations and calculus—but don’t let that scare you.  Math is a subject anyone can master; it just depends on how much effort you want to put into learning it.  The more you practice it, the better you will be at it, just like riding a bike or playing the guitar.  That great background in math is going to help you with…

         The chemistry and physics you will take.  These two courses will give you insights into how the universe works and will open up your opportunities for a variety of careers.  Do not underestimate how important these will be, especially if you have any interest in working as an engineer in the scientific community.  To design a circuit to do a specific task is fine but to understand why and how this task is to be done will allow you to collaborate with the scientists and to design a circuit that meets or exceeds their needs. 

         One other key requirement is software.  Everything today has a microcontroller inside (remember that toothbrush?) and it needs software to run properly.  As an electrical engineer you will be designing hardware (integrated circuits, resistors, op-amps, capacitors, etc.) and if you can write the software, create the programs to make that hardware function, you are twice as valuable!

         When you are in college don’t limit yourself to the hardcore courses.  Allow yourself to explore other areas of interest.  Do you like geology?  Take a course.  How about biology?  Take Bio101 and expand your scientific background; you never know when that bit of knowledge will lead you to a wonderful new career path.  That’s what’s great about electrical engineering; everything uses electronics, so you may be able to combine your love for electronics with a passion for some other science or technology.  Also, don’t shun literature and the arts.  You will need to write and present reports and papers.  Hone your writing skills while in college.  It is very disturbing to read a report by a qualified engineer that is fraught with grammatical and spelling mistakes—it takes away from the engineer’s professionalism and brings into question his/her ability to represent your company.  The more well rounded you are the easier it will be for you to take advantage of opportunities as they arise.  Also, you will be meeting lots of different people all around the world, so the more variety you have in your background the easier it will be to interact professionally as well as socially with your new associates.

         So, in a nutshell:  If you’re in high school, take as much science and math as you can.  Seize any opportunity to work along with a professional, even if it’s to visit his/her place of work for a day.  Once you’re off to college keep up with the math and science and broaden your background as much as you can—it will pay for itself time and again once you’re in the real world.  Last but not least—have fun!  The adventure of getting to become an engineer is only a fraction of the fun you’re going to have once you’re doing it as a profession.

         I hope I’ve given you an idea of what electrical engineering can be about and how to get on the right path.  In part two I will try to give you a quick look into what one would do on a typical design project.


Comments

Showing all 34 comments
 
onyango ronald Jun 10, 2011 5:26 AM
transformer operations
how does a transformer operate and what are the ratings of the transformers. some calculations involved.
some light on the operation of motors and some examples in calculation form.
tamer bakr Jan 29, 2011 7:15 AM
Electrical Engineer
I correspond with you for a second time to clarify the possibility of receiving my equivalent to a Bachelor of Education Department of Industrial Electricity duration of the study was 4 years, graduating in 2004 to become an electrical engineer What is the expected duration to get the equation then How much will it cost to obtain the certificate documented
RC Davison Nov 27, 2010 9:10 AM
gayik - Thermodynamics
While there are some articles related to thermodynamics on the site, they may not directly address your questions. If you are looking for more in-depth material, you may want to check the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's site for their free online site: MITOPENCOURSEWARE: http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm.
These are free courses, with recorded lectures, notes and exams.
Good luck.
RC Davison
geyik Nov 20, 2010 9:17 AM
hi
i have educated electric electrical engineer in turkey i wanna ask you something do you have article about thermodynamic about our engineering(electric electrical) or do you know about it anything
pramod Nov 17, 2010 9:53 PM
eligibility to become electrical officer
what is the eligibility to become electrical officer.
my self ordinary seaman in merchante navy 12passed in science
RC Davison Oct 18, 2010 8:47 PM
Namirembe Bridget
It is my pleasure!

What field of electrical engineering you pursue should be guided by your interests and passions. All fields will pay well, but it is important to remember that money isn't everything, and when it comes to your job, you will be doing it for a long time, so you better enjoy it.

All the fields you mention are growth fields. A good strong background in electronics will help you work in any field from telecommunications to instrumentation and in some part even electrical power.

Transmission of electrical power requires a different focus and technical expertise. With alternative forms of energy constantly being researched, transmitting that power efficiently is of prime importance, and jobs will always be there.

So, do you like working with volts and milliamps on the small scale, or mega-volts and mega-amps on the large scale?

If you can, talk to your professors, or professional engineers in the fields that interest you to get an idea of what their work is like. It may help you decide your career path.

Best of luck to you!

RC Davison
Namirembe Bridget Oct 18, 2010 1:41 PM
Thanking RC Davison
I really thank you for the work you are doing for us standents
Namirembe Bridget Oct 18, 2010 1:36 PM
thanking RC Davison and wish he teaches mi more about these branches elecronics , power ,and telecommunictions
hi am a student Makerere University doing electrical engineering first year but a bit confussed on which branch to focus on ie power , electronics , telecommunication so help me out
RC Davison Aug 7, 2010 8:07 PM
Philip
Wiring a room is typically something a licensed electrician would do, at least here in the United States. As an electrical engineer you would have the basic knowledge of how a room might be wired, but you would need to know the proper methods and materials to meet the building code for the area in which you live. That's where the electrician comes in. He or she would have the knowledge of the local electric code that the wiring would have to conform to. This process may be different where you live.

As for you career development, you should seek out a professor at the college you attend or may live close to, or perhaps a profession engineer that you know would be helpful in giving you some guidance on how to shape your career path. They would be better informed as to the educational, and occupational opportunities in your area.

Good luck!

RC Davison
Philip Aug 7, 2010 6:11 PM
Hi
Can i wire a Room as i am EE as well?
Philip Aug 7, 2010 6:09 PM
Hi`
i want you to help me in my Career .. as help me in things i have to do as well
RC Davison Jul 12, 2010 8:29 PM
Philip
Designing machines is something that would definitely require electrical engineering experience. With all the automation that is in today's machinery, from sensors, to control servos and PLCs running them, there are many opportunities for an EE.

As far as science goes, the more the better. Consider science your foundation to build your engineering knowledge. Physics is going to be very useful to you, especially mechanics. If you have any interest in the medical area of electronics biology and chemistry would be very helpful to you. As an engineer, the more you know about the underlying principles of how things work, the more useful you will be to the project you are working on. This is even more important if you are working in a research environment where you are supporting scientists and their research.

Good luck,
RC Davison
(http://www.orbitalmaneuvers.com)
Philip Jul 12, 2010 5:46 PM
RE: Careers in Electrical Engineering Part 1: What do they do and how to become one.
I want to know what i can achieve in the Future as Electrical engineer ? Will i need Science Serious ? And what Part of Science will i need to work On Most ?
Philip Jul 12, 2010 5:44 PM
Hi
I am a Student in SHS and i want to become a Electrical Engineer But i want to know the work i will be doing Like can i create a Machines as Electrical Engineer ?
RC Davison Jul 9, 2010 6:49 PM
pavani yadav
Pavani,
If you like the mechanical side of electrical engineering, where you design systems with motors there are many jobs that will be open to you. Today, with the interest in battery powered vehicles expanding, expertise in motor design and efficient control systems to interface with those motors will be a growing field. Robotics is another growing field that combines the areas of machines and mechanics with electronics through control systems, sensors, embedded processors and on the software side (don't forget the software!), artificial intelligence, command and control. Industrial design and control for manufacturing will also provide you with many opportunities.
Hope this helps. Best of luck!

RC Davison
(http://www.orbitalmaneuvers.com)
pavani yadav Jul 9, 2010 10:13 AM
hi
hi......sir.good evening!i am EEE diploma holder and know i am doing bachalors in EEE.
sir i like machines.i want continue my future in that.so plz guide me what kind of jobs i can get.
Hariom swarup Jun 4, 2010 11:06 AM
Basic concepts
Hello sir, i'm a graduate in engineering from HCET,Jabalpur(India).
Sir though i'm a graduate in electrical engineering but still i don't understand a lot of concepts of my field. For example i don't understand the significance of reactive power, application of per unit system etc. Could you please explain me these two things. I would also be gratefull to you if you suggest me the best book to clear my basic concepts. Thank you sir.
Hariom[herry.vishwa@gmail.com]
RC Davison Nov 17, 2009 9:19 PM
karthik
Hi,
I am not exactly sure what your question is but if you are thinking of specializing in power systems that would be a very good field to work in. With the turn towards greener energy sources, distributing and controlling that power is going to become more and more important. As more countries grow their industrial base, generation and distribution of power becomes more important. You should find yourself in great demand once you have your degree. Good Luck!
RC Davison
karthik Nov 17, 2009 2:41 AM
Good afternoon Sir...
I am a student of 2nd year electrical engineering.. i was proud of my branch.. my q'n is what was the future for this branch.. i want to achieve different in this branch.. that was in power control.. What can i do sir..? Please help me..
RC Davison Oct 14, 2009 12:19 AM
Response to Eric
I worked for many years for a company that designed instrumentation that was used in environmental monitoring. It was a great way to do electrical design and be doing something good for the environment. There are many opportunities to design equipment and instrumentation within the environmental field that may be used in research or health monitoring (i.e. for the EPA), or safety.
Being an electrical/electronic engineer is a great job, especially if you like to create something, see it work and satisfy market or need. It has its ups and downs as do all jobs but I've enjoyed the design work immensely.
- RC Davison
RC Davison Oct 14, 2009 12:12 AM
Response to Shane's question
Shane,
Salaries for EE's can vary widely depending on what field you are working in, your location and experience. They could range from $50,000 to $60,000 for a graduate with some practical experience from projects and interships to $120,000 to $150,000 for highly specialized engineers in RF design or semiconductor design.
I'm not sure what you mean by certs...
As for wiring, as an engineer you might be doing some hands on work but again, depending on the company you are working for, they may have technicians to take care of the wiring, soldering and assembly and you will direct them and conduct your work at a higher level. Typically a working for a small company might have you doing more lab work while a larger company may have a technician or two to support the engineers.
Hope this helps.
RC Davison
Shane Oct 13, 2009 2:39 PM
how much money and points
hi 1.how much money does an electirical engineer make

2. how many points do u need in the leaving cert for electrical engineering

3.does it involve a lot of wiring
sanil a Sep 22, 2009 4:43 AM
oppertunity in ship
Hi...
i am an electrical engineering diploma holder .i wish to know about the oppertunity of ship as an electrical officer and whatis the job description in the field.
eric Sep 15, 2009 8:20 PM
electrical engineering
how does this career tie into enviromental science.......also i want to know how you feel about this career. thank you!!!
dumur devanand Sep 9, 2009 12:10 PM
electrical engineering degree
goodafternoon sir,
i would like to do a degeree in electrical engineering and apriciat your articles very much.
Ricky Aug 19, 2009 8:21 PM
Re to queries
Kwrjrd - we will be uploading an article soon on how much money do elec engineers make

Usman and Assad - pls contact author directly by registering at the site and sending him a msg
Kwrjrd Aug 19, 2009 2:26 PM
How Much Money?
Hello. I was wondering how much do Electrical Engineers make in one year on average?
jarell Aug 16, 2009 10:59 PM
future electrical engineering................
Hi!!!!!!
Good...morning sir..I'm a student o electrical engineering from the phillipines.
and I'm happy in field of electrical engineering....



tnx..........................
Usman Shehryar Aug 16, 2009 12:35 PM
career choice
Dear Sir,
i am doing B.E electrical engineering and currently have completed 3 years out of 4.Now in the last year we have to choose the specified field subjects.sir i m very confused.can u help and guide me which field i choose.u have much experience.
subjects offered are:

1.Power system analysis
2.High Voltage engineering
3.power plants
4.power electronics
5.microwave
6.computer networks
7.operating systems

we have to choose 3 subjects.i have chosen

1)power electronics 2)microwave 3)computer networks (for telecom)

but i also like power system analysis and High voltage subjects(for power enginnering)

i am confused weather i choose telcom or power engineering.can u give me the scope of both fields and which one is more interesting and money rich.i also want to study further.

thanks

usman Shehryar
Asad Abbas Aug 2, 2009 2:39 AM
Future of Electrical Engineers...?
Hi,

Electrical Engineering is old Engineering field.
In our country it has specializations in Power, Electronics,Control ,Computer, Telecom.

But In recent decades many institutes started teaching telecom , computer, electronics as a separate engineering. and these institutes only teaches pure telecom or computers etc subjects...

then what will become of a electrical eng with specialization in telecom or computer etc...?

And companies will prefer a pure telecom or electronics etc engineer or a electrical engr with specialization in those fields..?

What shud one do electrical eng with specialization in one field or to become a telecom etc engr..??

Thanx

Regards
Asad Abbas
Ricky Jul 29, 2009 8:20 PM
Good Engineer (Sanju)
Hi, Just study well and with concentration and try to learn as much as possible. There is no magic to become a good engineer just these simple tips,Thx
RC Davison Jul 29, 2009 8:17 PM
Electrical Engineering Article
Glad to see that Electrical Engineering is living up to its potential to serve many fields - although I would never have thought it would work in a rhetoric class!

RC Davison
sanju Jul 29, 2009 1:04 PM
study
sir am an electrical engg.. an only a average student . i have no idea about electrical can u gide me for become a good engg
Gavriel Jul 28, 2009 8:58 PM
Hi..
Good Morning Sir.. I'm a student of Electrical Engineering from the Philippines and I appreciate your article. I use it to my rhetoric class so they can have insights about the field of electrical engineering.

Thanks..
 
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