Additional Methods of Creating Simplified Chinese Characters

Written by:  • Edited by: Rebecca Scudder
Updated Aug 18, 2011

Mainland China decided to officially simplify the traditional Chinese character for simpler and faster writing, — and learning mandarin effectively.

This is the second part of Some Methods of Chinese Characters Simplication

Here you learn five more methods of simplification, as follows:

5. Combining two complicated characters that sound the same/similar into a newly created and simpler one

6. All characters that use the same element are simplified in the same way (systematically)

7. Using the cursive (handwritten) form as simplified printed Chinese character

8. Creating the new radical-phonetic compounds

9. Creating the new radical-radical compounds

V. Combining two complicated characters that sound the same/similar into a newly created and simpler one

Example 1:

First Character + Second Character → Combined as

髮【fà= hair】+ 發【fā= get rich, make a fortune】→ 发【fā】

Sample Words:

假发【jiǎfà=wig】

发财【fācái=get rich, make a fortune】

Example 2:

First Character + Second Character →Combined as

臟 【zàng= internal organs of the body such as the heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys】+ 髒 【zāng=dirty】 → 脏 【zāng】

Sample Words:

肝脏 【gānzàng=liver】

肮脏 【āngzāng=dirty】

Example 3:

First Character + Second Character → Combined as

儘 【jǐn= give priority to】+ 盡 【jìn=exhaust】 → 尽 【jǐn, jìn】

Sample Words:

尽先【jǐnxiān=give first priority to】

用尽【yòngjìn= exhaust】

髮 + 發 → 发 e.g. 假发 , 发财

臟 + 髒 → 脏 e.g. 肝脏 , 肮脏

儘 + 盡 → 尽 e.g. 尽先 , 用尽

VI. All characters that use the same element are simplified in the same way (systematically)

a. When the element is a stand-alone character, it's not simplified.

Example 1:

When it’s stand alone:

食【shí= eat, meal】

When it's a part of the character:

· 飠→饣,

· 飯 【fàn=cooked rice】 → 饭 【fàn】,

· 餅 【bǐng=a round flat cake】 → 饼【bǐng】

· 饅 【mán=steamed bread】 → 馒【mán】

Example 2:

When it’s stand alone:

言【yán=speech】

When it’s a part of the character:

· 言→ 讠

· 說 【shuō=speak, talk】 → 说 【shuō】,

· 話 【huà=word, talk】 → 话 【huà】,

· 談 【tán=discuss】 → 谈 【tán】

飠 → 饣 , 飯 → 饭 , 餅 → 饼 , 饅 → 馒

言 → 讠 , 說 → 说 , 話 → 话 , 談 → 谈

b. When the element is a stand-alone character, it's also simplified.

Example 1:

When it's stand alone:

馬 → 马

When it's a part of the character:

· 驢 【lǘ=donkey】 → 驴 【lǘ】

· 媽 【mā=mother】 → 妈 【mā】,

· 驛 【yì=post】 → 驿 【yì】

Example 2:

When it's stand alone:

魚 →鱼

When it's a part of the character:

· 鯢 【ní=salamander】 → 鲵【ní】,

· 鮚 【jié=oyster】 → 鲒【jié】,

· 魷 【yóu= cuttlefish】 → 鱿【yóu】

馬 → 马 , 驢 → 驴 , 媽 → 妈 , 驛 → 驿

魚 → 鱼 , 鯢 → 鲵 , 鮚 → 鲒 , 魷 → 鱿

VII. Using the cursive (handwritten) form as simplified printed Chinese character

For examples:

· 馬 【mǎ= horse】 → 马【mǎ】

· 發 【fā= send out】 → 发【fā】

· 農 【nóng= agriculture】 → 农【nóng】

· 馬 → 马

· 發 → 发

· 農 → 农

VIII. Creating the new radical-phonetic compounds

For examples:

Traditional Chinese → Simplified Chinese (New Radical, New Phonetic)

驚 【jīng=surprise】→ 惊【jīng】( 忄 【xīn=heart】, 京 【jīng=short for Beijing 】)

膚 【fū=skin】→ 肤 【fū】( 月 【yuè=moon】, 夫 【fū=husband】)

護 【hù=protect】→ 护 【hù】( 扌 【shǒu=hand】, 户 【hù=door】)

· 驚 → 惊 ( 忄 , 京 )

· 膚 → 肤 ( 月 , 夫 )

· 護 → 护 ( 扌 , 户 )

IX. Creating the new radical-radical compounds

For examples:

Traditional Chinese → Simplified Chinese (New Radical, New Radical)

塵 【chén=dust】 => 尘 【chén】 ( 小 【xiǎo=small】, 土 【tǔ=land】)

竃 【zòa =kitchen range】=> 灶 【zòa】( 火 【huǒ=fire】, 土 【tǔ=land】)

體 【tǐ =body】 => 体 【tǐ】 ( 亻 【rén=people】, 本 【běn=book】)

· 塵 → 尘 ( 小 , 土 )

· 竃 → 灶 ( 火 , 土 )

· 體 → 体 ( 亻 , 本 )

References

  • Nciku dictionary, Traditional Chinese Characters, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters
  • Nciku dictionary, Simplified Chinese Characters, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters

 
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