Before you even begin to answer your multiple choice questions during an exam, flip through your test and read each question you are given. Are questions organized in a certain way? Does it look like some questions might help you answer others? Looking at your test as a whole can provide hints on how to answer each question individually. This will also allow you to note how many questions there are and approximate how much time you have for each.
Next, when you are ready to begin answering your questions, read through the question again, this time more slowly and carefully. Search for key words that may affect the answer: always, never, rarely, likely, all of, none of, most, least. Remember that most multiple choice questions are asking for not just a correct answer, but the best possible answer. These key words are clues that will help you determine exactly what the question is asking and what options for that best possible answer might be. Your teachers aren't out to trick you or catch you off-guard, but they do want to make sure that you are reading critically and actively responding to the words on the page.